Sinus infection symptoms can occur when the tissues lining the sinuses become inflamed or infected. The sinuses are air-filled spaces around the nose and eyes that connect with the nasal passages.

Common symptoms include nasal congestion, facial pressure, a blocked or runny nose, and thick nasal discharge. Some people experience pain or pressure around the cheeks, forehead, or eyes.

A reduced sense of smell can also occur. Headache, cough, tiredness, and bad breath may accompany sinus problems.

Understanding sinus infection symptoms can be challenging because they can resemble those of a common cold or other upper respiratory infections. Many sinus infections improve without antibiotics, particularly when they are caused by viruses.

Symptoms that persist, become worse after initially improving, or are particularly severe may require medical evaluation. A healthcare professional can consider the duration and pattern of symptoms along with the person's medical history.

Bacterial sinus infections can occur, but not every sinus infection requires antibiotic treatment. Using antibiotics when they are not needed can contribute to antibiotic resistance and may expose patients to unnecessary side effects.

Supportive care may include adequate fluids, rest, saline nasal irrigation, and other measures recommended by a healthcare professional. People should use medications according to professional advice and product instructions.

Certain symptoms require prompt medical attention. Severe swelling around the eyes, vision changes, severe headache, confusion, or other unusual neurological symptoms should be assessed urgently.

People who experience frequent sinus problems may benefit from discussing possible contributing factors with a healthcare professional. Allergies, nasal structural issues, and other conditions can sometimes contribute to recurrent symptoms.

Recognizing sinus infection symptoms can help people decide when to monitor their condition and when to seek medical advice. Because symptoms overlap with several other respiratory conditions, professional assessment is useful when symptoms are persistent, severe, or unusual.